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Antifungal activity and mode of action of Galla rhois-derived phenolics against phytopathogenic fungi
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 Authours
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Young-Joon Ahn, Hoi-Seon Lee, Hong-Sik Oh, Heung-Tae Kim, Yong-Hwan Lee |
| Title |
Antifungal activity and mode of action of Galla rhois-derived phenolics against phytopathogenic fungi |
| Journal |
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2005 (81) ~ |
Abstract
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Antifungal activity and target sites of methanolic extract and its constituents from the gall (Galla rhois) caused by the
Chinese sumac aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, on the nutgall sumac tree, Rhus javanica, were examined. In tests with six
phytopathogenic fungi using a whole plant bioassay, the gall extract exhibited good antifungal activity. The biologically
active constituents isolated from Galla rhois were characterized as the phenolics methyl gallate and gallic acid by spectroscopic
analyses. Methyl gallate was highly suppressive to Magnaporthe grisea, Botrytis cinerea, and Puccinia recondita,
whereas gallic acid exhibited good antifungal activity against M. grisea and Erysiphe graminis. These two compounds
were ineffective against rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Methyl gallate did not adversely affect conidial
germination (94%) but significantly inhibited appressorium formation (7%) of M. grisea. Moderate and significant inhibition
of conidial germination (64%) and appressorium formation (5%) of M. grisea, respectively, were observed with
gallic acid. In complementation tests with M. grisea, cAMP and 1,16-hexadecanediol restored significantly and slightly
appressorium formation inhibited by methyl gallate and gallic acid, respectively. These results indicate that methyl gallate
and gallic acid acted on a cAMP-related signaling pathway regulating appressorium formation in M. grisea.
2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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