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Experimental Evolution Reveals Genome-Wide Spectrum and Dynamics of Mutations in the Rice Blast Fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae
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 Authours
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Junhyun Jeon1,4, Jaeyoung Choi1,2, Gir-Won Lee2,3, Ralph A. Dean4,5*, Yong-Hwan Lee1,2,6,7* |
| Title |
Experimental Evolution Reveals Genome-Wide Spectrum and Dynamics of Mutations in the Rice Blast Fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae |
| Journal |
PLOS ONE, 2013 (8) ~ |
Abstract
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Knowledge on mutation processes is central to interpreting genetic analysis data as well as understanding the underlying
nature of almost all evolutionary phenomena. However, studies on genome-wide mutational spectrum and dynamics in
fungal pathogens are scarce, hindering our understanding of their evolution and biology. Here, we explored changes in the
phenotypes and genome sequences of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae during the forced in vitro evolution by
weekly transfer of cultures on artificial media. Through combination of experimental evolution with high throughput
sequencing technology, we found that mutations accumulate rapidly prior to visible phenotypic changes and that both
genetic drift and selection seem to contribute to shaping mutational landscape, suggesting the buffering capacity of fungal
genome against mutations. Inference of mutational effects on phenotypes through the use of T-DNA insertion mutants
suggested that at least some of the DNA sequence mutations are likely associated with the observed phenotypic changes.
Furthermore, our data suggest oxidative damages and UV as major sources of mutation during subcultures. Taken together,
our work revealed important properties of original source of variation in the genome of the rice blast fungus. We believe
that these results provide not only insights into stability of pathogenicity and genome evolution in plant pathogenic fungi
but also a model in which evolution of fungal pathogens in natura can be comparatively investigated. |
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