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A comparative genomic analysis of lichen‑forming fungi reveals new insights into fungal lifestyles
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 Authours
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Hyeunjeong Song1
, Ki‑Tae Kim2
, Sook‑Young Park2
, Gir‑Won Lee3,9, Jaeyoung Choi4,10,
Jongbum Jeon1
, Kyeongchae Cheong4
, Gobong Choi1
, Jae‑Seoun Hur5 &
Yong‑Hwan Lee1,4,6,7,8 |
| Title |
A comparative genomic analysis of lichen‑forming fungi reveals new insights into fungal lifestyles |
| Journal |
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 2022 (12) ~ |
Abstract
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Lichen-forming fungi are mutualistic symbionts of green algae or cyanobacteria. We report the comparative analysis of six genomes of lichen-forming fungi in classes Eurotiomycetes and Lecanoromycetes to identify genomic information related to their symbiotic lifestyle. The lichen-forming fungi exhibited genome reduction via the loss of dispensable genes encoding plant-cell-wall-degrading enzymes, sugar transporters, and transcription factors. The loss of these genes reflects the symbiotic biology of lichens, such as the absence of pectin in the algal cell wall and obtaining specific sugars from photosynthetic partners. The lichens also gained many lineage- and species-specific genes, including those encoding small secreted proteins. These genes are primarily induced during the early stage of lichen symbiosis, indicating their significant roles in the establishment of lichen symbiosis.Our findings provide comprehensive genomic information for six lichen-forming fungi and novel insights into lichen biology and the evolution of symbiosis. |
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