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Essential role of the CD docking motif of MPK4 in plant immunity, growth and development
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 Authours
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Anna Siodmak#, Umar Farook Shahul Hameed#, Naganand Rayapuram, Ronny Völz, Marie Boudsocq, Siba Alharbi, Hannah Alhoraibi, Yong-Hwan Lee, Ikram Blilou, Stefan T. Arold*, Heribert Hirt* |
| Title |
Essential role of the CD docking motif of MPK4 in plant immunity, growth and development |
| Journal |
NEW PHYTOLOGIST, 2023 (239) ~ |
Abstract
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MAPKs are universal eukaryotic signaling factors whose functioning is assumed to depend on the recognition of a common docking motif (CD) by its activators, substrates, and inactivators.
We studied the role of the CD domain of Arabidopsis MPK4 by performing interaction studies and determining the ligand-bound MPK4 crystal structure.
We revealed that the CD domain of MPK4 is essential for interaction and activation by its upstream MAPKKs MKK1, MKK2 and MKK6. Cys181 in the CD site of MPK4 was shown to become sulfenylated in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro, To test the function of C181 in vivo, we generated wild type MPK4-C181, non-sulfenylatable MPK4-C181S and potentially sulfenylation mimicking MPK4-C181D lines in the mpk4 knock out background. We analyzed the phenotypes in growth, development and stress responses, revealing that MPK4-C181S has wild type activity and complements the mpk4 phenotype. In contrast, MPK4-C181D cannot be activated by upstream MAPKK and cannot complement the phenotypes of mpk4.
Our findings show that the CD motif is essential and requires activation by upstream MAPKK for MPK4 function. Furthermore, growth, development or immunity functions of MPK4 require upstream activation of the protein kinase. |
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